Reinforced paper article



Sept. 16, 1952 A. E. CARLSON REINFORCED PAPER ARTICLE Filed Aug. 10.1949 permit a thin flat ribbon-like band to be obtained i having a veryhigh tensile strength. in the aggregate, yet only a few thousandths inthickness. l

f'Filament," as used herein, .isa tiny,member.... In the textileindustry hundreds of'su'ch filaments' are twisted together to form ayarn forweaving. ti; Applicant does not use the term fllament in thesense of a large member where a singlefilanent constitutes 'a weaving.material. such filaments are properly referred to as monorfilaments.

` 'A "compact thin ribbon," as used herein, consists of a plurality 'ofsubstantially parallel contacting filaments of syntheticyieldablematerial, which ribbon has a thickness equal to the diameter ofa number of filaments and a width many times greater than ,the'thickness For these reenforcing ribbons, I prefer to employ a veryconsiderable number of individual filaments, at'least approximately onehundred and preferably as many as' five hundred or more filaments ofrayon, .nylon, or other untwisted synthetic material. Thus, `a ribbonof-'1650 denier rayon, approxlmatelyi 0.0625" wide and only about'0.0035" in thickness, may contain as many as one thousand individualfilaments arranged in a plurality of levels; such ribbons, spaced aboutfour to the inch over the" paper, aiford a very marked increase intensile' strength as 'Compared with the unreenf orced paper, even thoughthe ribbon adds but little to the overall thickness of the paper.Alternatively, some what smaller ribbon, of approximately 800' denier,may beused by increasing the number of ribbons per inch of paper; Whilethe' individual filaments'of the ribbon are considerably weaker: thanthe natural fibers such' as sisal thatheretofore have been employed;nevertheless when the filaments are arranged in a -flat, compactuntwisted band, the aggregate strength of the unit as a whole is veryconsiderable and extremely eifective to reenforce the paper stock in thedirection of the ribbon." I

To secure these reenforcing elemen'ts'to the paper stock whileemploying-a minimum of adhesive, the adhesive -is employed only at theinterface between the paper' and'the ribbons of filaments. Thisisaccomplished most readily by coating the ribbon with adhesive beforebringing the ribbon into 'contact with the paper. Because of themultiplicity of fine filaments and their arrangement in a flat ribbon,the ribbon readily takes up by capillary action' a sufcient quantity ofadhesive to saturate the ribbon and thereby insure a firm bond of allfilaments to one another and to the paper.

Whilevarious types of adhesive may be em ployed, I prefer `to use 'anon-asphaltic' water: proof adhesive, for example, an adhesiveemployinga synthetic resin, orfa latex-base adhesive. such an adhesive, thoughappreciably more expensive than the black asphaltum usually employed instay tapes, possesses marked ad- 'of" an inch necessaryjo ,attain thedesired strength.

vantages over the low cost asphalt. Because of the localized applicationof the adhesive, wherein the ribbons of fine filaments are relied on tocarry the adhesive to the paper, only small amounts of adhesive, in somecases as little as ten pounds per ream of paper, may be required toprovide a strong bond of all filaments, as Compared with as much as onehundred pounds of asphalt per ream of paper which may be employed'inthecase of the two ply laminated tapes in order to bondlthe. plies of paperand 'eenforcing cords or fibers.

:The adhesively-wetted reenforcing ribbons are preierably secured to thekraft stock at evenly spaced intervals, as closely spaced as may be Ingeneral, approximately three to six ribbons per inchlwillbe'satisfactory. Upon bringing the ribbonsinto contact with the paper,pressure may te' applied to acceleratethe bonding of the adhesive,pressure also serving to spread out the filaments and indent the ribbonslightly in the paper`;therebyreducing to a minimum the height of thereenforcing ribbons above the adjacent. paper stock.- If desired,thefilaments or bands. maybe dyed, or coloring added to the adhesive. tocause the color of the ribbons to blend with the paper stock and thus be;relatively inconspicuous in the finished product.` i

'Because' of the' localized application of adhesive beneath thereenforcing bands of filaments, the paper stock between bands isuncoated, and may thereiore receive a subsequentlyapplied adhesive.Thus, whereit is desired to employ the reenforcing tape with thereenforcing elementstoward the box, the reenforced face of the tape maybe coated with the usual gumming or water-soluble adhesive, or withother suitable adhesive. The'thinnessof the reenforcing bands offilaments is such that the tape may be caused firmly toadhere to the box.without requiring: that excessive amounts of adhesive be employed- Itisalso possible to apply the adhesive to the unreenforcedface of thetape, in order that the reenforcing bands may be disposed on the outsideof the tape as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Because' of their thinness anduniform spacing, there will be no 'sacrifice in appearance in allowingthe reenforcing elements to be exposect on:the exterior of the tape, norwill displacement of the bands or individual filaments occur throughabrasion, in view of the saturation of the filaments by the adhesivepreliminary to ap plying the ribbons or bandsto the paper stock-Accordingly,-whlchever face of the stay tape. isapplied to the corner ofthe carton, there results a strongly reenforced joint, well capable ofresisting bursting stresses to which the box oi: carton may besubjected, yet low in cost and of slight overall thickness by reason ofthe single ply construction with reenorcing elements thinner than even asingle average sisal fiber.. This' overall thinness of the tapeapproximately half the thickness of conventional reenforceditapesresults ingreater pliability; which in turn makes possible higher.speeds of operation of carton taping equipment. The increased pliabilitylikewise permits improved bonding to the carton, yet with less adhesivethan customarlly required.

The Construction of the invention is likewise well adapted to providepaper sheets such as wrappings and other articles having two-wayreenforcement. such a sheet is illustrated in Fig. 5,',wherein the'paper stock 22 is provided with one setof spaced bands or ribbons 24iormed ot 'sheet in a direction substantlally transverse to thedirection of the first-mentioned reenforcing elements, said filaments insaid reenforcng elements in each said plurality thereof beingadhesivelysecured together and to the adjacent face of said paper sheetmaintaining said elements in compact thin shape. i

6. A reenforced sheet paper product compr-ising a' single paper having aplurality of reenforcing elements arranged on one face thereof insubstantially parallel spaced relation, each said element consisting ofa multiplicity of fine substantially continuous filaments of Organicsynthetic material disposed in substantially parallel and substantiallyuntwisted relation ina' compact thin ribbon, a second plurality ofsimilar reenforcing elements arranged on a face of said paper sheet in adirectionsubstantially transverse to the direction of thefirst-mentioned reenforcing elements, said laments in said reenforcngelements in each said plurality therecf being adhesively Securedtogether and to the adjacent face of said paper sheet maintaining saidelements in compact thin shape, said paper sheet being perforatedintermediate the reenforcing elements to provide a relatively opentearresistant reenforced sheet.

7. A reenforced waterproof paper comprising a single sheet of waterproofpaper having a coating of waterproofing material thereon, and aplurality of reenforcing elements adhesively Secured to a surface ofthepaper in spaced relation with each other, the reenforcing elementsconsisting of a multiplicity of fine substantially continuous andsubstantially untwisted filaments of Organic synthetic material disposedin substantially parallel 'elation to form compact thin ribbons, thebonding adhesive between paper and ribbons having a base similar to andcompatible with the character of the waterproofing material with whichthe paper is coated. V

`8. A reenforced waterproof paper comprising a single sheet ofwaterproof paper having a latexbase coatng ofwaterproofing materialthereon, and a plurality of reenforcing elements adhesively Secured to asurface of the paper in spaced relation with each other, the reeniorcingelements consisting of a multiplicity of fine substantially continuousand substantially untwisted filaments of organic synthetic materialdisposed in substantially parallel relation to form compact thinribbons, the bonding adhesive between paper and ribbons having a latexbase similar to and compatible with the character of the waterproofingmaterial with which the paper is coated.

9. A stay tape comprising a single paper strip having a plurality ofreenforcing elements adhesively Secured to one face thereof insubstantially parallel spaced relation extending transversely of thetape, eachelement consisting'of approximately 100 to 1000 untwisted`filaments of Organic synthetic material of approximately 800 to 1650denier, the filaments being arranged in the form of a compact thinribbon of approximately 0.0035 inch in thickness, there being betweenthree and six ribbons per inch of tape, the adhesive for bonding theribbons to the paper being disposed solely at the zone of contactbetween ribbons and paper.

10. A reenforced bag comprsing a single sheet of paper provided with aplurality of ribbonlike reenforcing elements arranged in rows and tiersto define open spaces on said sheet, each of said ribbon-likeelementsconsisting of a multiplicity of fine substantially continuous filamentsof organic synthetic material disposed in substantially untwisted andparallel relation to form a compact thin ribbon of substantially greaterwidth than thickness, said filaments in each said ribbon beingadhesively Secured together and to said paper sheet maintaining saidribbons in compact thin shape, and said sheet having a plurality ofventlatng apertures therein each extending through one of said openspaces.

ll. A reenforced paper product comprising a single paper web a pluralityof elongatereenforcing elements overlying one surface of said webinspaced relation, each of said reenforcing elements consistingessentially of a multiplicity of fine substantially continuous andsubstantially untwisted organicsynthetic filaments arranged in closeside by side and overlying relation to form a thin band, adhesivematerial substantially saturating each said band and securing saidfilaments therein to ,each other andtosad websurface in compact formminimizingth projection of each said band above the ,plane of-saidsurface, and each said band being of substantlally greater width thanthe maximumthickness thereof toprovide a correspondinglywide area forintimate adhesive contact between said adhesive-saturated band and saidweb surface;

12. A reenforced paper product comprising a single paper web, aplurality of elongate reenforci-ng elements overlying one surface ofsaid web in spaced and substantlally parallel relation, each of saidreenforcing elements consisting essentially of a multiplicity of finesubstantially continuous and substantially untwisted Organic syntheticlamentsarranged in close side by side relation in a plurality of levelsto form a thin band equal in thickness to the combined thickness of aplurality of said'filaments, adhesive material substantially saturatingeach said band to secure said bandto said web surface and to secure said;levels .of filaments together in compact form, and each said band beingof substantially greater average Width than the maximum thicknessthereofto provide a correspondingly wide area for intimate adhesivecontact between ?aid adhesive-saturated band and said web surace.

13. A 'eenforced paper product comprising a single paper web, aplurality of elongate reenforcing elements overlying one surface of saidweb in spaced and substantially parallel relation, each of saidreenforcing elements consisting essentially of a multiplicity offinesubstantially continuous and substantially untwisted synthetic filamentsarranged in close side by side and overlying relation to form a thinband, adhesive material substantially saturating each said band andsecuring said filaments therein to each other and to said web-surface incompact form minim'zing the projection of each said band above the planeof said surface, said adhesive material being localized within saidbands and in the areas between saidbands and said web leaving theremainder of said web surface substantially free thereof, and each saidband being of substantially reater width than the maximum thicknessthereof .to provide a correspondingly wide area for intimate adhesivecontact between said adhesive-saturated'band and said web surface.

14. A stay tape comprising a single'paper web. a plurality of elongatereenforcing elements overlying onesurface of said web and extendngtransversely' of said web in spaced relation, each of said reeniorcing'.elements consisting essentially of a multiplicity of' fine'substantially continuous and substantially untwisted Organic syntheticfilaments arranged in close side by side and overlying relation to forma thin band, adhesive material substantially saturating each said bandand securing said filaments therein to each other and to said websurface in compact form minimizing the projection of each said bandabove the plane of said surface, each said band being of substantiallygreater width than the maximum thickness thereof to provide acorrespondingly wide area for intimate adhesive contact between saidadhesive-saturated band and said web surface, and said web also having acoating of adhesive substantially covering one surface thereof.

15. A stay tape comprising a single paper web, a plurality of elongatereenforcing elements overlying one surface of said web and extendingtransversely of said web in spaced and substantially parallel relation,each of said reenforcing elements consisting essentially of amultiplicity of fine substantially continuous and substantiallyuntwisted organic synthetic filaments arranged in close side by side andoverlying relation to form a thin band, adhesive material substantiallysaturating each said band and securing said filaments therein to eachother and to said web surface in compact form minimizing the projectionof each said band above the plane of said surface, a coating of adhesivematerial overlying said web surface, each said band being ofsubstantially greater width than the maximum thickness thereof toprovide a correspondngly wide area for intimate adhesive contact betweensaid adhesivesaturated band and said web surface, and each said bandbeing substantially flat across at least the major portion of thesurface exposed.

16. A reenforced stay tape comprising a single strip of paper, aplurality of reenforcing elements each consisting of a multiplicity offine substantially continuous and substantially untwisted or- 40 ganicsynthetic filaments forming a compact thin ribbon of substantiallygreater width than the thickness thereof and having arcuate exposed andflat unexposed shape, said reenforcing elements being arrangedtransversely at spaced intervals upon the paper, adhesive materialoriginally drawn into the ribbon by c apillary attraction in sufficientquantity to saturate the ribbon and bondng all the filaments to oneanother and to the paper, the adhesive material being substantiallyconfined to the areas of the paper covered by the ribbons and to therebyprevent displacement of the ribbons and individual filaments throughabrasion, and adhesive material applied to the surface of the paperopposite the ribbons.

17. A reenforced stay tape as dened in claim 16 wherein the adhesivematerial bonding the reenforcing elements to the paper is a waterp-roofadhesive material having a dye incorporated therein to produce a desiredcolor in said reenforcing elements while bonding the filaments thereintogether and to the paper, said adhesive material having substantallyconstant strength characteristics throughout the normal temperaturerange of use. I v ARTHUR E. CARLSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record 'in the 'file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name w Date 272323 Redlick Feb. 13, 1883%0,697 Voss Apr. 16, 1907 1,195,430 Angier Aug. 22-,- 1916 1,679,721Howard Aug. 7, 1928 1,866,513 Ballard July 5, 1932 2024224 Humphner Dec.17, 1935 2,283,202 Guyard May 19, 1942 2,521,055 Foster Sept. 5, 1950FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 470558 Germany Jan. 19. 1929 105.265Australia Sept. 22, 1938

14. A STAY TAPE COMPRISING A SINGLE PAPER WEB, A PLURALITY OF ELONGATEREENFORCING ELEMENTS OVERLYING ONE SURFACE OF SAID WEB AND EXTENDINGTRANSVERSELY OF SAID WEB IN SPACED RELATION, EACH OF SAID REENFORCINGELEMENTS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A MULTIPLICITY OF FINE SUBSTANTIALLYCONTINUOUS AND SUBSTANTIALLY UNTWISTED ORGANIC SYNTHETIC FILAMENTSARRANGED IN CLOSE SIDE BY SIDE AND OVERLYING RELATION TO FORM A THINBAND, ADHESIVE MATERIAL SUBSTANTIALLY SATURATING EACH SAID BAND ANDSECURING SAID FILAMENTS THEREIN TO EACH OTHER AND TO SAID WEB SURFACE ISCOMPACT FORM MINIMIZING